The Role of Architectural and Structural Elements in Facility Fire-Protection Schemes

When most people think of fire protection, their minds go straight to fire alarm systems and sprinkler systems. In reality, these two systems are just small pieces of a larger puzzle. Fire protection encompasses a “system of systems” that work together to provide occupant and facility protection in a fire or other emergency. These systems often include many other building systems that are generally not at the top of mind when considering Fire Protection. For example, if a facility has duct smoke detection, HVAC controls may shut down air handling equipment to prevent the spread of smoke. In low-light environments, such as theaters and nightclubs, lighting controls that automatically turn on lights may be part of the life safety systems to ensure occupants have adequate light to evacuate. Fire-resistance-rated construction to provide compartmentation, exit separation, and protected egress paths are also part of these systems, which make up the facility’s fire-protection envelope. Other passive fire-protection systems include the facility’s structural aspects.