About the author  ⁄ John “Buddy” Showalter, P.E.

John “Buddy” Showalter is a Senior Staff Engineer with the International Code Council (bshowalter@iccsafe.org)

It is more important than ever due to the increase in grade-marked products entering the U.S.

Registered design professionals (RDPs) typically specify in their construction documents the assumed lumber grade, moisture content, and species or species combination of the dimension lumber (2-4 inches thick) used in their design work. For example, in the materials section of the construction documents, a note might state:

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It can be cost-effective to design wood structures for resilience and safety during fire events.

With growing public interest in sustainable building and with the addition of “mass timber” Construction Types IV-A, IV-B, and IV-C to the 2021 International Building Code (IBC), design professionals are increasingly required to design mass timber building elements to fire-resistance ratings prescribed by the IBC. While many members of the public, and even building design professionals at times, associate wood construction with inherent fire risks, it is feasible and can even be cost-effective to design wood structures for resilience and safety during fire events.

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Fastener Schedules, Overhang Limits, and Uplift Connectors

Component and cladding (C&C) wind pressures calculated using ASCE 7-16, Minimum Design Loads and Associated Criteria for Buildings and Other Structures, increased over ASCE 7-10 C&C wind loads. In addition to larger corner and edge areas on roofs, ASCE 7-16 also includes increased roof pressures for low-rise (simplified) buildings with height (h) less than 60 feet and buildings taller than 60 feet with hip, gable, or flat roofs.

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Part 5: Wood (Chapter 23)

This five-part series discusses significant structural changes to the 2021 International Building Code (IBC) by the International Code Council (ICC). Part 5 includes an overview of changes to Chapter 23 on wood. Only a portion of the total number of code changes to this chapter is discussed in this article. More information on the code changes can be found in the 2021 Significant Changes to the International Building Code, available from ICC (Figure 1).

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Part 4: Concrete and Steel (Chapters 19 and 22)

This five-part series discusses significant structural changes to the 2021 International Building Code (IBC) by the International Code Council (ICC). Part 4 includes an overview of changes to Chapter 19 on concrete and Chapter 22 on steel. Only a portion of the total number of code changes to these chapters are discussed in this article. More information on the code changes discussed here can be found in the 2021 Significant Changes to the International Building Code, available from ICC (Figure 1).

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Part 3: Special Inspections (Chapter 17)

This five-part series (Part 1, STRUCTURE, November 2021, Part 2, December 2021) includes discussion of significant structural changes to the 2021 International Building Code (IBC) by the International Code Council (ICC). This installment includes an overview of changes to Chapter 17 on special inspections and testing. Only a portion of the total number of code changes to this chapter are discussed in this article. More information on the code changes discussed here can be found in the 2021 Significant Changes to the International Building Code, available from ICC (Figure 1).

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Part 2: Foundations (Chapter 18)

This five-part series (Part 1, STRUCTURE, November 2021) includes discussion of significant structural changes to the 2021 International Building Code (IBC) by the International Code Council (ICC). This installment includes an overview of changes to Chapter 18 on foundations and soils. Only a portion of the total number of code changes to this chapter are discussed in this article. More information on the code changes discussed here can be found in the 2021 Significant Changes to the International Building Code, available from ICC.

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Part 1: Loads (Chapter 16)

This five-part series discusses significant structural changes to the 2021 International Building Code (IBC) by the International Code Council (ICC). Part 1 includes an overview of changes to Chapter 16 on loads. Only a portion of the total number of code changes to this chapter are discussed in this article. More information on the code changes discussed here can be found in the 2021 Significant Changes to the International Building Code, available from ICC.

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Wood studs designed to resist wind loads in either loadbearing or non-loadbearing tall wall applications are good examples of resilient design. Tall walls can be defined as those exceeding the International Residential Code (IRC) prescriptive limit of 10 feet for loadbearing walls. Proper design of wood structures to resist such wind loads also requires correct use of wind load provisions. Minimum design loads must be in accordance with the governing building code or, where applicable, other recognized minimum design load standards such as American Society of Civil Engineers’ ASCE 7 Minimum Design Loads for Buildings and Other Structures.
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